- Farrokh, K., Karamian, Gh., Kubic, A., & Oshterinani, M.T. (2017). An Examination of Parthian and Sasanian Military Helmets. In “Crowns, hats, turbans and helmets: Headgear in Iranian history volume I” (K. Maksymiuk & Gh. Karamian, Eds.), Siedlce University & Tehran Azad University, pp.121-163.
- Farrokh, K., Karamian, Gh., Delfan, M., Astaraki, F. (2016). Preliminary reports of the late Parthian or early Sassanian relief at Panj-e Ali, the Parthian relief at Andika and examinations of late Parthian swords and daggers. HISTORIA I ŚWIAT, No.5, pp. 31-55.
Parthian History – see also: Parthian Military History and Armies
- Shapour Shahbazi: Origins of the Parthians
- Klaus Schippmann The Arsacid Dynasty
- An Analysis of the History of Iran (Part Four): The Parthian Monarchy -بخش چهارم شاهنشاهی پارتیان– (in Persian) (pdf)
- A Synopsis of the Parthian Empire (247 BCE – 224 CE)
- C. Toumanoff: The Arsacid Dynasty of Armenia
- M. Alam: Arsacid Coinage
- The Arsacid Era [coming in 2025]
- Arsacid Chronology in Traditional History
- Atropates
- The Plurality of the Persian Empire: The Achaemenids to the Sassanians
- Why were the Iranian Empires so Successful?
Recommended Readings
- –نسل شجاعان: زندگی مهرداد بزرگ / چاپخانه حیدری-Saboktagin, Salvar (1992). Nasl e Shoja-an [The Brave/Bold Generation]. Tehran: Chapkhaneye Heydari. (pdf)
- Wishart, David (2004). Parthian Shot (Marcus Corvinus Mysteries). Hodder & Stoughton. Order at Amazon.
Arts
Sites, Museums & Archaeological Works
- Parthian site in Andika Khuzestan discovered in 2015 by Karamian Archaeological Team
- The Parthian Castle at Ashur-كاخ اشكاني آشور– –
- The site of Behistun: From the Darius Inscription to the Parthian Era by S. Amiriparian (in Persian) (pdf)
- The Castle-Citadel of Zahak – see also: –گردایه (مجموعه) باستانی آژدهاک ( ضحاک ) آذرآبادگان–
- Parthian artifacts housed in Istanbul’s Archaeological Museums
- Dura Europos: Its’ Archaeology & History
- Photos of the Ancient Underground City of Samen In Hamedan, Western Iran
Technology
- The Parthian Battery – باطری اشکانی: يک ميراث فراموش شده ی ايرانی–
- Ancient Parthian-era Qanat Discovered in Southern Iran
Language, Script, Education, Culture & Religion
- Mary Boyce: Arsacid Religion
- Notes on Parthian Orthography (Script)
- Dr. Ardashir Khodadian: Religion of the Parthians (in Persian) (pdf)
- Education in the Parthian and Sassanian empires
Parthian Music and Culture
- Mary Boyce: The Parthian Gowsan and the Martial Music tradition of Iran (pdf) (in Persian)
- Parthian and Central Asian martial music
- Musical Culture of Parthia and Hellenistic East: Parallels in Fine Art and Architecture
Parthians and the Shahname
- –پارتیان و گرد آوری شاهنامه های مرجع- دکتر پروانه پورشریعتی– (pdf) Dr. Parvaneh Pourshariati – Parthians and the Shahname
- –فضایی، یوسف-بحثی از شاهنامه فردوسی و شخصیت رستم داستان- پهلوان–مجله چیستا -دی و بهمن— Yusef Fazai (1991). A discussion of the Shahname of Firdowsi and the personality of Rustam Dastan-Pahlevan. Cheesta journal, No.s 74-75, pp. 525-546 (pdf) (in Persian)
- –محمد رضایی دشت اژنه-رستم اژدها كش و درفش اژدها پيكر-پژوهشهاي ادبي تابستان 1388; 6(24):53-79-Mohammad Rezai Dasht Azhneh (2010), Rustam the Dragon-slayer and the Dragon Banner. Pazhoheshaye Adabi, (24) 6, pp.79-53. (pdf) (in Persian)
Commerce
History of Pontus-Cappadocia
Recommended Readings
- Matyszak, Philip (2009). Mithradates the Great: Rome’s Indomitable Enemy. Pen and Sword. Order at Amazon.
- Mayor, Adrienne (2011). The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome’s Deadliest Enemy. Princeton University Press. Order at Amazon.
Links & Resources
- The Parthian Empire: History and Coins of Ancient Parthia
- Cultural Heritage News Agency of Iran –خبرگزاري ميراث فرهنگي–
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